Plant Biology: Cells, Energy, and Reproduction

Notes

Plants Diversity Exam – EXTENDED Study Guide Use this document to study for your Plants Diversity Exam. 1. Cell Structures & Organelles (Very Important) Mitochondria  Known as the powerhouse of the cell  Function: Produces ATP during cellular respiration  Found in both plant and animal cells Chloroplast  Found only in plant cells  Site of photosynthesis  Contains chlorophyll Ribosomes  Function: Protein synthesis  Found floating in cytoplasm or attached to rough ER Nucleus  Stores DNA  Controls cell activities 2. Plant Cells vs Animal Cells Plant Cells Have:  Cell wall (for structure and protection)  Chloroplasts (photosynthesis)  Large central vacuole Animal Cells Have:  No cell wall  No chloroplasts Key Difference to Remember: > Plant cells have cell walls; animal cells do not. 3. Photosynthesis (HIGH PRIORITY) Purpose of Photosynthesis  Converts light energy into chemical energy (glucose)  Occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria Photosynthesis Equation Carbon dioxide + Water + Light → Glucose + Oxygen Reactants  Carbon dioxide (CO )  Water (H O)  Sunlight Products  Glucose (C H O )  Oxygen (O ) Chlorophyll  Green pigment in chloroplasts  Function: Abso...