Transcription 11/16/2025, 10:44:31 PM

Notes

• Atomic Radius: How much space an atom takes up. Decreases across a period → (more protons) Increases down a group → (more energy levels) • Electronegativity (EN): Measure of an atom's ability to attract and steal an electron. Increases across a period → (more protons) Decreases down a family → (more shielding intercepts) • First Ionization Energy (FIE): Measure of how much energy is required to remove an electron from an atom. Increases across a period → (more protons) Decreases down a family → (more shielding) • Shielding: Inner electrons blocking the nucleus from pulling on valence electrons. More energy levels (E↓) = more shielding More shielding = EN ↓ / IE ↓, respectively • Metals vs. Nonmetals: - Metals lose electrons (low EN, low FIE) - Nonmetals gain electrons (high EN, high FIE) • Valence Electrons: Number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level (OEL). Increases across a period → Stays the same down a family → • Energy Levels (OELs): - Stay the same across a period. - Increase when going down a group. • Noble Gases: - Full valence shell - EN = 0 - Don’t react --- SIGUIENTE IMAGEN --- • Key Comparisons: ...