What does the study of our environment reveal to us about the relationship between humankind and the Earth1 Geography2 as a multidisciplinary science3 seeks to answer this and other fundamental questions by analyzing the interaction between the natural and cultural elements that make up our planet. Its purpose is to study the organization of terrestrial spaces4 the influence of natural factors on human life and the way in which societies transform their environment.

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What does the study of our environment reveal to us about the relationship between humankind and the Earth? Geography, as a multidisciplinary science, seeks to answer this and other fundamental questions by analyzing the interaction between the natural and cultural elements that make up our planet. Its purpose is to study the organization of terrestrial spaces, the influence of natural factors on human life and the way in which societies transform their environment. This discipline is divided into two main branches: physical geography, which examines natural elements such as relief, climate and bodies of water, and human geography, which analyzes the economic, political and cultural activities of societies. Within these studies, two types of landscapes are distinguished: the natural landscape, modeled exclusively by physical elements without human intervention, and the cultural landscape, which is the product of human action on the environment. To understand spatial phenomena, geography employs methodological principles such as location, causality, relationship and evolution. In addition, it uses terrestrial representations such as maps and globes, which make it possible to visua...