Endocrine System: Introduction, Glands, and Hormone Types

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Human Anatomy & Physiology II (PSIO202) Dr. Price ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: INTRODUCTION, HORMONES AND HORMONE ACTION Anatomy of the Endocrine System • Endocrine glands: – Pituitary – Thyroid – Parathyroid – Adrenal – Pineal • Other organs/tissues with endocrine cells: – Hypothalamus – Thymus – Pancreas – Ovaries/Testes – Kidneys, Liver, Stomach, Heart, Skin, adipose tissue NOTE: The endocrine system is a very diffuse system: any tissue/organ containing endocrine cells is part of the endocrine system. PLEASE NOTE: The endocrine system does not include any exocrine glands. Exocrine Glands vs. Endocrine Glands • Exocrine glands – secrete products into ducts or lumens or to the outer surface of the body • Endocrine glands– secrete products into interstitial fluid which diffuse into blood IMPORTANCE: Some organs have both exocrine and endocrine potions. Only the endocrine portion of an organ functions as part of the endocrine system. Endocrine System vs. Nervous System Similarities Differences 1. Both systems act together to control and coordinate body activities. 2. Both systems use chemical messengers for intercellular communication. 1. Message – For the nervous system: action potentials and...