Transition

Notes

Transition to Classical Civilizations • Early civilizations declined or were conquered by others. • Some Western Classical civilizations developed where early river valley civilizations once thrived. • In the Western Hemisphere, Classical civilizations included Greece, the Hellenistic Empire, and Rome. •Rise of Classical Civilizations • As technology advanced and populations grew, Western Classical civilizations expanded into nearby areas. • They engaged in trade with other cultures. • They improved technology, writing systems, art, architecture, and governments. •Religion and Society (Democracy, Monarchy) • Major world religions and philosophies greatly influenced Classical governments and societies. • In the Western Hemisphere, Judaism persisted, and Christianity grew during this period. • Classical civilizations created enduring values and traditions that shaped later eras. •Greek City-States • Due to mountainous and island geography, Greeks developed city-states instead of a centralized government. • Each city-state adopted different governments, such as monarchy, democracy, or oligarchy. • Major city-states included Athens and Sparta. • Greek...