Orgo Functional Groups & Nomenclature

Notes

| Functional Group (from least to highest priority) | Suffix | Generic Form (alk = root) | Example (root = prop) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | alkanes | **ane** | alkane | **propane** | | alkyl halides | **ane** | alkane | **propane** | | ethers | *oxy then ane* | alkoxyalkane | * | | amines | **amine** | alkanamine | **propanamine** | | alkenes | **ene** | alkene | **propene** | | alkynes | **yne** | alkyne | **propyne** | | alcohols | **ol** | alkanol | **propanol** | | ketones | *one* | alkanone | *propanone* | | aldehydes | *al* | alkanal | *propanal* | | esters | *yl then oate* | alkyl alkanoate | * | | carboxylic acids | **oic acid** | **alkanoic acid** | **propanoic acid** | *not covered this semester | Functional Group (from least to highest priority) | Prefix | Example | | --- | --- | --- | | alkanes | (root of substituent)+yl | methyl | | alkyl halides | iodo bromo chloro fluoro | | | ethers | (root of substituent)+oxy | methoxy | | amines | amino | | | alkenes | en | | | alkynes | yne | | | alcohols | hydroxy | | | ketones | oxo | | | aldehydes | oxo | | | esters | | | | carboxylic acids | | | Ph C) "PH" = PHENYL RING > a benzene ring attached to something. ![img-0.jpeg]...