Intelligen

Notes

•Intelligence Tests Intelligence tests are series of questions and exercises designed to assess mental abilities, producing a numerical score that allows comparison between individuals. Examples include college entrance exams. •Savant Syndrome This condition occurs when a person with limited overall mental ability exhibits exceptional skills in specific areas, such as computation or drawing. •Main Theorists and Models of Intelligence Charles Spearman (1863–1945) proposed general intelligence, or "g." Louis Thurstone (1887–1955) identified seven linked clusters of abilities. Howard Gardner outlined eight intelligences, emphasizing diverse strengths. Robert Sternberg proposed three types of intelligence—analytical, practical, and creative—and highlighted components like creativity and emotional intelligence. •Spearman’s "g" and Factor Analysis Spearman’s factor analysis revealed that individuals excelling in one skill tend to do well in others, suggesting a high "g" factor. Thurstone challenged this, finding that skills clustered into seven abilities: verbal comprehension, inductive reasoning, word fluency, spatial ability, memory, perceptual speed, and numerical abi...