KIDNEY cle

Notes

•Kidney The kidney cleans the blood, controls water levels, balances salts, and removes waste. •Nephron The nephron is the kidney's functional unit responsible for cleaning. It has three main functions: 1. Filtration: Blood is filtered in the glomerulus, and the filtered fluid enters Bowman’s capsule. 2. Reabsorption: In the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule (DCT), the body reabsorbs water, glucose, and salts it needs. 3. Urine formation: Waste not needed goes to the collecting duct, then to the pelvis, ureter, and bladder. •Parts of the Nephron Main parts include: • Bowman’s capsule – collects filtered fluid • Glomerulus – filters blood • PCT – where most reabsorption occurs • Loop of Henle – concentrates urine • DCT – selective reabsorption • Collecting duct – transports final urine to the pelvis •Osmoregulation This process controls water levels in the body. When dehydrated: • The brain releases ADH • ADH increases permeability of the collecting duct • More water is reabsorbed • Urine becomes darker and less volume When there is excess water: • Less ADH is released • Collecting duct...