12:11

Notes

12:11 5.1 三 Q AA ### Box 4.7 Alternative Methods of Communicating With Patients Who Are Unable to Speak - Clock face communicator: Messages placed at intervals around the clock face; clock hand scans the messages, and the patient presses a button to stop the hand on the desired message. - Computer-assisted communication: Patient uses keyboard to type messages. - Eye blinks: Predetermined system in which the number of times a patient blinks in response to a question indicates yes or no answer. - Lip-reading: Patient mouths words to be interpreted by the receiver. - Magnetic boards with plastic letters: Patient moves letters around on board to spell words or phrases. - Paper and pencil or magic slate: Patient writes messages to communicate needs. - Picture board: Patient points to pictures on a board or poster of typical patient needs. - Sign language: Hand and finger signals used to indicate letters; used throughout the world for hearing-impaired patients. - Word or picture cards: 3 × 5 cards with words or pictures on them; patient picks appropriate card or sorts cards into short phrases or sentences. ### Box 4.8 Communicating With Patients With Aphasia - Avoid patronizing an...