Final exam study guide

Apuntes

Final exam study guide I. Musculo-skeletal system: Skeletal system : Bones are a solid network of living cells and protein fibers that are surrounded by deposits of calcium. ● Functions: - Support for the body. - Bones act as a point of attachment for muscles to allow movement. - Provides protection for organs and bone marrow. - Bones are reservoirs for the storage of minerals. ● Shape of bone: Long bone, short bone (glide across one another), and flat bones (protect soft organs). ● Joints: 2 bones are attached to permit movement. ● Tendons: Collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone. ● Ligament: Connective tissue supports organs and holds bones together at joints. ● Skeleton consists of: - Axial skeleton is the head, back bone, ribs, and chest bone. - Appendicular skeleton is arms, legs, shoulders, hips, hands, and feet. ● Cartilage is soft tissue that helps bones move smoothly. Osteoblasts build bone, osteocytes keep it healthy, and osteoclasts break down old bone. Muscular System ● Smooth muscle: Smooth muscles are found in the stomach, blood vessels, and intestines. They help move food, control blood flow, and shrink...