NEUROLOGY

Apuntes

NEUROLOGY TIME! 🧠 Frontal Lobe Lesion 5 key points: 1⃣ Controls executive function, planning, judgment, and inhibition. 2⃣ Lesion → disinhibition, poor judgment, inappropriate behavior. 3⃣ Dominant lesion → Broca’s aphasia if inferior frontal gyrus affected. 4⃣ Bilateral lesion → abulia or personality flattening. 5⃣ Frontal release signs: grasp, snout, and suck reflexes reappear. Clinical clue: Patient “changed personality” after head trauma or tumor. Question: “Damage to which lobe causes disinhibition and impaired judgment?” ➡ Answer: Frontal lobe. 🧠 Broca’s Aphasia 5 key points: 1⃣ Lesion in inferior frontal gyrus (dominant hemisphere). 2⃣ Expressive aphasia: comprehension intact, speech non-fluent. 3⃣ Patients are aware of deficit → frustrated. 4⃣ Often due to MCA stroke (superior division). 5⃣ Writing and repetition also impaired. Clinical clue: Stroke patient understands speech but can’t speak fluently. Question: “Which type of aphasia has good comprehension but poor speech output?” ➡ Answer: Broca’s (expressive) aphasia. 🧠 Wernicke’s Aphasia 5 key points: 1⃣ Lesion in superior temporal gyrus (dominant hemisphere). 2⃣ Fluent but nonsensical speech, impaired comprehension. ...