Semi-Presidential Systems1 Dual Executive And

Apuntes

Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns Matthew Søberg Shugart Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, University of California, San Diego, USA. E-mail: mshugart@ucsd.edu Maurice Duverger in 1980 advanced the concept of a ‘semi-presidential’ regime: a mix of a popularly elected and powerful presidency with a prime minister heading a cabinet subject to assembly confidence.We can understand the performance of these regimes through a neo-Madisonian perspective that stresses agency relations between institutional actors.Executive and legislature as separate agents of the electorate — as in presidentialism — necessitates transactional interbranch relations.Fusion of powers — as in parliamentarism — means an executive that is hierarchically subordinated to the legislature.The dual executive of a semi- presidential system mixes a transactional executive-legislative relationship with a hierarchical one.The advantages of this perspective include allowing delinea- tion of semi-presidentialism from other hybrids, highlighting subtypes (premier- presidential and president-parliamentary) according to vari...