Seminar

Apuntes

Seminar www.thelancet.com Vol 407 January 3, 202690 Lancet 2026; 407: 90–104 Published Online November 25, 2025 https://doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(25)01942-7 Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Prof W G Herrington FRCP, P K Judge PhD, Prof C Wanner MD); Oxford Kidney Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK (Prof W G Herrington, P K Judge); Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (Prof M E Grams MD PhD); Department of Clinical Studies and Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic, Würzburg, Germany (Prof C Wanner) Correspondence to: Prof Christoph Wanner, Department of Clinical Studies and Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic, 97078 Würzburg, Germany wanner_c@ukw.de Chronic kidney disease William G Herrington, Parminder K Judge, Morgan E Grams, Christoph Wanner Globally, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease is estimated to be approximately 850 million cases, with approximately 4 million individuals needing kidney replacement therapy for kid...