3.4 The end of the war1 1918

Apuntes

• Subtopic: The End of the War: 1918 In 1918, the Allies launched an offensive on all fronts, which led to the progressive surrender of the Central Empires. This culminated in 1918 when Germany requested an armistice, and Emperor Wilhelm II abdicated, leading to the creation of a republic. In the same year, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson set out the 'Fourteen Points' on which peace should be based. • Subtopic: The Warring Countries The warring countries were grouped into two camps: - The Allies or Entente: France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and Serbia, later joined by Italy, the United States, and other countries. - The Central Empires: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey, later joined by Bulgaria and other states. • Subtopic: The Trigger for War The immediate trigger or cause for the outbreak of war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the crown of Austria-Hungary, in Sarajevo (Bosnia) in June 1914 by a Serbian nationalist student. He wanted to unite all the South Slavic peoples in a single state around Serbia, including the peoples under the rule of Austria-Hungary. As a result of the attack, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, which was supported...