Respiratory

Apuntes

Respiratory © USMLE Galaxy LLC 1 Part I: Anatomy + Physiology Respiratory System Anatomy 2 Gas exchange ● The delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs ● Occurs in the alveoli through passive diffusion Terminology ● Ventilation ○ Air movement in and out of the lungs ● Oxygenation ○ Oxygen in the bloodstream ● Perfusion ○ Oxygen in the tissues 3 Adventitious Breath Sounds Work of Breathing ● How easy is it for your client to take a deep breath? ● Retractions ○ Note location and severity ○ Location ■ Subcostal ■ Intracostal ■ Supraclavicular ■ Traheal ● Nasal flaring ● Head bobbing ● Grunting 4 Low-flow Simple face mask Non-rebreather Nasal Cannula 5 High-flow Venturi mask High flow nasal cannula Non-Invasive Ventilation 6 Invasive Ventilation ● Endotracheal tube ● Tracheostomy ● Mechanical ventilator Ventilator Alarms High Pressure Alarms Pressure in the circuit is too high. Causes: Client coughing Gagging Bronchospasm Fighting the ventilator ETT occlusion Kink in the tubing Increased secretions Thick secretions Water in ventilator circuit Low Press...