CARDIAC FUNCTION

Apuntes

CARDIAC FUNCTION The primary function of the heart is to produce the driving force that propels blood through the vessels of the circulatory system. Along with the lungs, the heart works to distribute oxygenated blood and nutrients to tissues and organs of the body. Complex regulatory mechanisms function to match the cardiac output with the metabolic needs of the tissues. Cardiac dysfunction can lead to abnormal function or death of cells in tissues throughout the body. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States, and a significant proportion of the population suffers from physical limitations associated with impaired cardiac function. Familiarity with cardiac anatomy and physiology is essential to understanding cardiac diseases and therapy. • Subtopic: Cardiovascular Anatomy The Heart: The heart is located in the mediastinum, suspended between the lungs; behind the sternum; and in front of the vertebral column, thoracic aorta, and esophagus. When viewed from the front, the heart appears to be rotated to the left so that the right atrium and right ventricle are most anterior. The base of the heart protrudes somewhat into the right side of the ch...