Flujo del campo eléctrico y Ley de Gauss

Apuntes

   $$ \Delta \dot {F} _ {E _ {1}} = \dot {E} \cdot \Delta A _ {1} \cos \theta_ {2} \quad \left\{ \begin{array}{l} \Delta \dot {F} _ {E _ {1}} + \Delta \dot {F} _ {E _ {2}} = 0 \\ \end{array} \right. $$ $$ \left. \begin{array}{l} \theta_ {1} + \theta_ {2} = 1 8 0 ^ {\circ} \\ \text{SON COMPLEMENTARISM} \end{array} \right\} \rightarrow \cos \theta_ {1} = - \cos \theta_ {2} $$  TIMANDO $\Delta A_1$ y $\Delta A_2$ simétricos respecto a un plana vertical del elemento de la superficie. $$ \begin{array}{l} = \varepsilon \cdot \Delta A_1 \cos \theta_1 \\ = \varepsilon \cdot \Delta A_2 \cos \theta_2 \\ \end{array} \quad \Rightarrow \quad \Delta \vec{\mathcal{F}}_{E_1} + \Delta \vec{\mathcal{F}}_{E_2} = 0 $$ $$ \theta_2 = 180^\circ $$ implementarios $$ \Rightarrow \quad \cos \theta_1 = -\cos \theta_2 $$  Si COMPLETO LA SUPERFICIE CON UNA TAPA PLANA PUEDE APLICAR GAVES $$ \frac{1}{2} \frac{\text{total}}{\text{total}} = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad \frac{1}{2} \frac{\text{total}}{\text{total}} = \frac{1}{2} \frac{\text{se}}{\text{se}} + \frac{1}{2} \frac{\text{op}}{\text{op...