1History Exam

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# History Exam ## Unit 2: Natural Environment and Human Activity ### Page 15 • **Subtopic: Climate Change** Climate change refers to the ongoing change in Earth's climate system due to the increase in global average temperature driven by human activities. The effects of climate change include extreme weather events such as heat waves, droughts, hurricanes, and strong storms, which will become more frequent and severe. • **Subtopic: Global Warming and Greenhouse Effect** Global warming is the increase in global average temperature caused by the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to human activities, especially fossil fuel burning (coal, oil, and natural gas) and deforestation. • **Subtopic: Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)** Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), water vapor, ozone (O₃), and nitrous oxide (N₂O). • **Subtopic: The Need to Address Climate Emergency** Efforts to address the climate emergency include international agreements such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which encompasses the Kyoto Protocol (1997) and the Paris Agreement (2016). ## Unit 2...