Education, Philosophy, and the Crisis of the 14th Century

Apuntes

Some main characteristics of these educational institutions include: - **Schools and Universities:** 1. Only men could receive education. 2. Men from nobility and bourgeoisie could attend. - **Schools:** 1. There were two types: cathedral schools and municipal schools. 2. Teachers were not necessarily religious; they were professional educators. - **Universities:** 1. The first universities were established in the 13th century. 2. Education in universities was based on four fields: - Liberal arts: rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy. - Medicine. - Laws. - Theology. 3. Oral exams were commonly used. **Philosophy** Philosophy is the science that seeks to provide rational and logical explanations for important aspects of life. One of the most significant philosophers in history has been the Greek philosopher. • Subtopic: Influential Philosophers Aristotle and Saint Thomas Aquinas are two important philosophers whose ideas emerged around the 13th century. Their philosophies are closely related, with Aquinas building upon Aristotelian thought. • Subtopic: The Crisis of the 14th Century A period of crisis began in the 14th century, characterized by several signifi...