- To prevent soil erosion1 flooding and landslides

Apuntes

- To prevent soil erosion, flooding, and landslides. - To conserve the biological resources of the land for sustainable use. Some of the important reclamation practices are discussed here: **(i) Land Development and Leaching:** For reclamation of salt-affected soil, it is necessary to remove the salts from the root zone, which is effected by leaching—that is, by applying an excess amount of water to push down the salts. After surveying the extent of the salinity problem, soil texture, depth of the impermeable layer, and water table, land leveling is done to facilitate efficient and uniform application of water. After leveling and ploughing, the field is bunded into small plots, and leaching is carried out. In continuous leaching, 0.5 to 1.0 cm of water is required to remove 90% of soluble salts from each centimeter of soil, depending on the soil texture. If intermittent sprinkling with 25 cm of water is used, it reduces about 90% of salinity in the upper 60 cm layer. **(ii) Drainage:** Drainage is required for water-logged soil reclamation, where excess water is removed by artificial drainage. **(a) Surface Drainage:** This method is used in areas where water stands on t...