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Apuntes

•Recombinant DNA History and Key Discoveries The development of recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology stems from foundational genetic research: Mendel's 1865 principles, Miescher's 1871 DNA discovery, and early chromosome studies by Waldeyer. In the early 20th century, Mendel's laws were reaffirmed; Morgan's 1910 Drosophila experiments mapped genes, and anomalies prompted further study. Critical experiments confirmed DNA as genetic material: Griffith's 1928 transformation, Avery et al.'s 1944 DNA identification, Hershey-Chase's 1952 virus studies, and Watson-Crick's 1953 double helix elucidation. Advances in DNA replication, polymerases, and mRNA occurred in the 1950s, with the genetic code deciphered in 1961, plasmids identified in 1965, and DNA ligase isolated in 1967. The early 1970s introduced restriction enzymes and reverse transcriptase, revolutionizing genetic engineering. •Advancements in Recombinant DNA and Genomics Recombinant DNA technology emerged in the 1970s via Cohen and Boyer’s creation of recombinant molecules, marking modern genetic engineering’s start. The Human Genome Project and proteomics expanded understanding of genomes and proteins. Technologies like CRISPR ...