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Apuntes

• Subtopic: Flood Plains A flood plain is a wide, flat area of land on either side of a river in its old stage. The river is now nearing the sea, and deposition has become the main process. **Formation:** - The river carries a large load of sediment known as alluvium. During a flood, the river spreads out on both sides and deposits the load it is carrying. The heaviest material is dropped off first. - Over time, a thick layer of alluvium builds up on the flat land by the river. This is the flood plain. - The alluvium makes the soil very fertile and generally good for farming. - The highest point reached by the river when in flood is called the bluff line. Examples of flood plains include the lower courses of the rivers Moy and Liffey. • Subtopic: Levees A levee is a build-up of alluvium on the banks of a river. Levees are caused by floods. **Formation:** - In times of low flow, material is deposited on the river bed. - In times of flood, the water leaves the channel and spreads out, loses energy, and deposits its load. - The coarser, heavier material is deposited on the river bank onto the flood plain. - After many floods, the river builds a bank on either side. Artificial le...