Transcripción 14/2/2026, 12:29:55

Apuntes

• Subtopic: Islam Islam is a religion founded by Muhammad. Its sacred text is the Quran, and it originated in Arabia. While there is good in Islam, Muhammad is regarded as its prophet. Followers are encouraged to pray five times daily facing Mecca, fast during Ramadan, and give alms to the poor. • Subtopic: Phases of Islamic Authority At its height, Islam reached a period of maximum political and religious influence. The governing structure was the Caliphate, which extended from Persia to the Iberian Peninsula. • Subtopic: Expansion Islamic expansion began around 622 AD. • Subtopic: Society Islamic society was characterized by an aristocracy—a privileged minority that held social status. • Subtopic: Economy Key economic activities included urban commerce, agriculture, trade, and crafts. • Subtopic: Architecture and Art The mosque hall is a central element in Islamic architecture. Materials such as wood and stone were used, with rich decoration featuring geometric and floral motifs, including tasbith and tesserae.