1. Forces 1 Motion

Apuntes

1. Forces & Motion What is a Force? A push or pull that can change an object’s motion. Forces are interactions between two objects. Measured in Newtons (N). Types of Forces Contact forces: friction, pushes, pulls, tension. Non-contact forces: gravity, magnetic forces. Net Force The total of all forces acting on an object. If forces are balanced → motion stays the same. If forces are unbalanced → speed OR direction changes. Speed vs. Time Graphs (ST Graphs) Flat line → constant speed. Upward slope → speeding up. Downward slope → slowing down. Force vs. Time Graphs (FT Graphs) Zero force → speed stays the same. Positive force → speeds up. Negative force → slows down. Newton’s Laws (Conceptual) 1st Law: Objects keep doing what they’re doing unless acted on by unbalanced forces. 2nd Law: More force = more change in speed; more mass = less change in speed. 3rd Law: Every force has an equal and opposite force pair. 2. Energy (Next Gen PET Model) Energy Forms Kinetic energy (movement) Gravitational energy (height above ground) Thermal energy (heat) Elastic energy (stretched or squeezed spring) Chemical energy (stored in bonds) Energy Transfer Energy moves bet...