1.1 Describe the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system1 including its major structures and functions.

Apuntes

1.1 Describe the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, including its major structures and functions. 1. Define the following types of glial cells found in the nervous system and what they do to support and protect the neurons. • Astrocytes: Maintain the blood-brain barrier, regulate ion concentration, and provide nutrients to neurons. They support neural tissue repair and maintain homeostasis in the CNS. • Oligodendrocytes: Produce the myelin sheath in the central nervous system, which insulates axons and speeds up the conduction of nerve impulses. • Schwann cells: Produce the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system, assist in axonal regeneration after injury, and play a key role in peripheral nerve function. • Microglia: Act as the immune cells of the CNS. They remove damaged neurons and infectious agents through phagocytosis and play a role in neuroinflammation. 2. How does the cerebellum’s role in coordinating movement and maintaining balance influence your responsibilities as a nurse when assessing a patient’s mobility and risk for falls? The cerebellum controls coordination, precision, and accurate timing of movements. As a nurse, it is essential to assess gai...