N E U R O A N A T O M Y

Apuntes

N E U R O A N A T O M Y OVERVIEW OF THE HUMAN BRAIN • The brain is the most complex organ of the human body. • As part of the nervous system, the brain coordinates all the body’s function. • In adult humans, the brain is a three pounds (1300-1400 grams) gelatinous mass of fat and protein. • Comprised of four main regions, each one controlling speci fi c tasks: - Cerebrum: - Largest section. 3/4 of the brain volume. - Consists of neurones and nerve fi bres that transmit information from the neurones throughout the brain and body. - In charge of controlling higher functions, such as: learning, reading and speech. Plus senses like sight and learning. - Cerebellum: - Second largest part of the brain. - Has nerve cells (Purkinje cells) and nerve fi bres. - Carries signals to other parts of the brain and spinal cord. - Responsible for coordinating muscle movements, particularly those that help maintain the body’s balance and posture. - Brainstem: - Lies in front of the cerebellum. Anchors the brain to the spinal cord. - A collection of structures, including: - Pons: mass of nerve fi bres that carry sensory information; - Midbrain: region of fi bres and structures that help co...