1 B.F. Skinner 2 studied behavior using rewards and punishments. 3

Apuntes

• Subtopic: Key Figures in Psychology B.F. Skinner studied behavior using rewards and punishments. Abraham Maslow created the hierarchy of needs. Carl Rogers is a humanistic psychologist. Jean Piaget studied how children think and learn in stages. • Subtopic: Concepts in Psychology The environment includes all outside factors that can affect behavior and development. Critical thinking involves analyzing information carefully before accepting it. The scientific method consists of steps for conducting research. • Subtopic: Research Methods A case study is a detailed study of one person or a small group. Naturalistic observation involves watching behavior in a natural setting without changing anything. Surveys consist of questions to gather data from many people. Longitudinal studies are research that follows the same people over a long time. • Subtopic: Types of Research Qualitative research uses words, interviews, and descriptions to study behavior. Quantitative research uses numbers and statistics to study behavior. • Subtopic: Experimental Variables Dependent variables are what is measured in an experiment. Independent variables are what a researcher changes or tests in a...