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Apuntes

283 C H A P T E R 12 Hereditary Reti nal and Choroidal Disease Highlights • Congenital color vision defects are stationary and usually affect both eyes equally. When hereditary, they are most frequently X-linked recessive red-green abnormalities. • Patients with retinal dystrophies should be monitored regularly for treatable causes of vision loss associated with their condition: cataract, macular edema, glaucoma, and reti nal exudation. • Drusen are not only seen in older-adult eyes; macular dystrophies affecting young adults typically include drusenlike deposits and may lead to choroidal neovascularization. • Patients with minimal signs of ocular pathology who present with unexplained vision loss or are suspected of malingering may in fact have early stages of retinal dystrophy. • Genetic screening can assist in confirming a diagnosis of retinal degeneration, establishing the inheritance pattern, informing at-risk relatives, and identifying candidates for gene therapies. Color Vision Abnormalities Defects in color vision, termed dyschromatopsias, are caused by abnormalities of the cone system. Dyschromatopsia can be either static (stationary) or progressive. Stable dyschro- ...